“And whenever there comes down a Surah, some of them (hypocrites) say: “Which of you has had his Faith (reman) increased by it?” As for those who believe, it has increased their Faith (eeman), and they receive glad tidings. But as for those in whose hearts is a disease, it will add suspicion and doubt to their suspicion, disbelief and doubt, and they die while they are disbelievers.” [9:124-125]
And:
“Verily they were young men who believed in their Lord (Allah), and We increased them in guidance.” [18:13]
Imaam Ash-Shaafi’ee said; “If this eeman had been one thing, neither increasing nor decreasing, then no one could have any more than another, and the people would all be the same, and superiority (of one over the other) would be nullified.
However, the believers enter Paradise due to complete eeman, and the believers attain different ranks with Allaah in Paradise due to their various levels of eeman. And due to deficient eeman, the negligent ones will enter the Fire.
Allaah (swt) makes His servants compete with each other, like horses racing on the day of the competition. They travel upon their various speeds, and He gives each person (his rank) in accordance to what he has achieved, without taking anything of their right away from them, and without giving precedence to the slower person over the faster one, nor the lesser in virtue over one who is better than him.
This is how He favoured the beginning of this Ummah over its later part. Had it not been the case that the one who was quicker to eeman was more virtuous than the latecomers, than the latter part of this Ummah would have reached (the status of) its first part.“
[Manaaqibush Shaafi'ee, 1/387-393]
And this quote of Imaam Ash’shaafi’ee is also a nice refutation of the Murji’ah (those who say eemaan does not go up and down).
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